可持续发展视角下提升我国钢铁行业能源利用率路径研究

工业发展过程中生产工艺与技术水平对资源利用率和可持续发展动力的培养会产生重要影响。作为我国传统资源消耗型工业的钢铁行业，在产量与能源消耗间存在长期协整关系和能源利用率不合理问题，这直接导致了高能耗、高CO2产出，并严重地破坏了环境。因此，积极地推广新型生产工艺、提高生产技术水平和发展规模经济是实现我国低碳经济目标和提升钢铁能源利用率的有效路径。     

电子束辐照在二氧化钛上沉积银制备高性能光催化薄膜

利用5MeV电子束辐照AgNO3溶液浸泡的TiO2薄膜,得到高性能的Ag/TiO2光催化结构.浸泡AgNO3溶液的最佳浓度为5×10-4mol.L-1.     

岩石温度对盘形滚刀掘进参数破岩特性的影响

为了研究在岩石温度变化条件下盘形滚刀掘进参数对破岩特性的影响,以颗粒流理论为平台,从细观角度上建立了基于岩石温度变化的盘形滚刀热力学破岩数学模型,模拟了不同工况下岩石裂纹生成、扩展和岩渣形成的全过程,并对掘进参数对破岩特性的影响规律进行了研究,从细观角度解释了不同岩石温度下滚刀的破岩机制.利用直线式TBM滚刀破岩实验台,通过实验验证在岩石温度变化条件下掘进参数对滚刀破岩的影响规律是否与数值模拟有较好的一致性.研究结果表明:1)岩石温度升高,降低了岩石硬度、强度等力学性质,破岩时裂纹数增多且微裂纹迅速扩展,降低了滚刀破岩载荷,提高了破岩效率;2)低贯入度时,岩石不容易被侵入破碎;随着岩石温度的升高,岩石越来越容易挤压破裂;随着贯入度增加,失效区域进一步扩大,破岩效率提高;3)滚刀之间的协同作用随刀间距的增加而减弱,最优刀间距随岩石温度的升高而增加,随贯入度的增大而增加;4)提高岩石温度能增强滚刀之间的协同作用,提高破岩效率.     

钢管混凝土柱-钢梁单边螺栓连接节点静力性能试验研究

通过对8个钢管混凝土柱-钢梁单边螺栓连接节点进行轴拉及弯剪加载试验,考察了约束拉杆构造措施对节点核心区整体性的影响规律,同时对单边螺栓的工作性能进行了分析研究.试验结果表明:单边螺栓具有良好的力学性能,工作性能安全可靠;方钢管混凝土柱设置约束拉杆能有效限制管壁变形,显著提高节点核心区整体性,减少破坏区域;圆钢管因为管壁稳定性较好,设置约束拉杆对改善节点力学性能效果不明显;穿芯螺栓节点核心区整体性最好;在弯剪加载条件下,单边螺栓节点表现出良好的转动能力.试验结果可供同类研究参考与比较.     

水韧处理对TiC基高锰钢结合金组织与性能的影响

研究了水韧处理对TiC基高锰钢结合金力学性能的影响,并通过分析合金在处理前后显微组织结构和微区成分的变化,阐述了其中的内在关系.经过1 050℃×6h水韧处理后,真空烧结试样的抗弯强度和冲击韧性分别提高了154.6%和125.3%;低压烧结试样则分别提高了61.81%和45.38%;真空烧结+低压烧结试样也分别提高了65.59%和32.90%.研究结果表明,水韧处理能够显著提高烧结态TiC基高锰钢结合金的抗弯强度和冲击韧性.     

表调工艺参数对电镀锌板磷化膜微观形貌的影响

采用粉体钛盐作表调剂,对电镀锌板进行表面调整处理,研究表面调整工艺参数对电镀锌板磷化膜微观形貌的影响。结果表明,表调时间为3min、表调液浓度为3.5~6.0g/L、表调液温度低于30℃、表调液pH值为8.59~9.89并尽量缩短表调液存放时间,可使磷化膜晶粒尺寸控制在2~3μm,磷化膜在NaOH溶液中保持5min的失重小于0.4g/m2,所获电镀锌板磷化膜层均匀致密,耐碱蚀性强。     

热输入对Q420FRE钢焊接热影响区组织和力学性能的影响

采用全自动埋弧焊法研究不同热输入对智能型耐火钢Q420FRE焊接热影响区微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着焊接热输入的增大,熔合线及粗晶区组织没有明显粗化,组织类型及组成也没产生明显变化,均由粒状贝氏体和少量针状铁素体组成;细晶区组织为铁素体和珠光体;未相变区组织为粒状贝氏体和针状铁素体。随着热输入的增加,在热影响区Q420FRE钢表现出一定程度的软化,软化区域向母材方向推移并稍有扩大。热影响区Q420FRE钢的高温屈服强度和拉伸强度以及低温冲击韧性随焊接热输入的增加而降低,而其低温冲击韧性在-40℃低温下仍保持在240~330J的高水平。     

A coupled model of TiN inclusion growth in GCr15SiMn during solidification in the electroslag remelting process

TiN inclusions observed in an ingot produced by electroslag remelting (ESR) are extremely harmful to GCr15SiMn steel. There-fore, accurate predictions of the growth size of these inclusions during steel solidification are significant for clean ESR ingot production. On the basis of our previous work, a coupled model of solute microsegregation and TiN inclusion growth during solidification has been estab-lished. The results demonstrate that compared to a non-coupled model, the coupled model predictions of the size of TiN inclusions are in good agreement with experimental results using scanning electron microscopy with energy disperse spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Because of high cooling rate, the sizes of TiN inclusions in the edge area of the ingots are relatively small compared to the sizes in the center area. Dur-ing the ESR process, controlling the content of Ti in the steel is a feasible and effective method of decreasing the sizes of TiN inclusions.     

Fabrication of plain carbon steel/high chromium white cast iron bimetal by a liquid-solid composite casting process

High-chromium white cast iron (HCWCI) is one of the most widely used engineering materials in the mining and cement indus-tries. However, in some components, such as the pulverizer plates of ash mills, the poor machinability of HCWCI creates difficulties. The bimetal casting technique is a suitable method for improving the machinability of HCWCI by joining an easily machined layer of plain car-bon steel (PCS) to its hard part. In this study, the possibility of PCS/HCWCI bimetal casting was investigated using sand casting. The inves-tigation was conducted by optical and electron microscopy and non-destructive, impact toughness, and tensile tests. The hardness and chemical composition profiles on both sides of the interface were plotted in this study. The results indicated that a conventional and low-cost casting technique could be a reliable method for producing PCS/HCWCI bimetal. The interfacial microstructure comprised two distinct lay-ers:a very fine, partially spheroidized pearlite layer and a coarse full pearlite layer. Moreover, characterization of the microstructure revealed that the interface was free of defects.     

硫氰酸钾/硫脲复合物对45碳钢的缓蚀性能评价

本研究借助静态腐蚀失重法确定了硫氰酸钾/硫脲缓蚀剂的最佳配方,并分别研究了该配方在5%硫酸、5%硝酸及5%盐酸中对45碳钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明:在5%硫酸溶液中,使用硫氰酸钾:硫脲为7:3的质量比配方,缓蚀剂为0.2%时对45碳钢的缓蚀达到最大,缓蚀率为82.3%;在5%硝酸溶液中,使用硫氰酸钾:硫脲为4:6的质量比配方,缓蚀剂的加入量为0.1%时对45碳钢的缓蚀率可达到99%以上;在5%盐酸中,只需加入0.2%的复合缓蚀剂(硫氰酸钾:硫脲=4:6),对45碳钢的缓蚀率可以达到76%。Tafel极化曲线表明硫氰酸钾/硫脲复合物的加入可以明显地降低45碳钢在3种酸溶液中的腐蚀电流。